Análise de integração de mercados de amendoim pequeno entre mercados de Maputo, Maxixe, Manica e Nampula

Abstract

In Mozambique, the prices received by agrarian producers have generally been very low compared to the prices charged by retailers. This has been due to several factors, such as the limited level of integration of producer markets with consumer markets. However, studies on market integration in Mozambique are limited and the few that exist focus on the corn market. Although legumes (peanuts and beans) are crops widely practiced by the family sector in the country, the level of integration of the producer and consumer markets for these crops is not known. To fill this void, this study analyzes the degree of integration of the small peanut markets between the markets of Nampula, Manica, Maxixe and Maputo. Specifically, this study aims to (1) estimate the magnitude of price transmission, (2) determine the direction of causality of price transmission between markets, (3) estimate the pattern of interdependence in the markets and (4) estimate the magnitude of integration of the studied markets. To respond to specific objectives, the stationarity of the price series of the markets studied was first tested using the Dickey-Fuller Augmented (ADF) test. The analysis of price transmission, level and magnitude of market integration used the co-integration test, autoregressive vector test (VAR) with error correction (VEC), Granger's causality test, Decomposition of Variance of Errors of Errors Prediction (DVEP) and Impulse Response Function (FIR) analysis. The data used were made available by SIMA (Agricultural Markets Information System) of the Ministry of Agriculture in the period between 2005 and 2010. The results of the study indicate that there is no price transmission between the markets in Nampula and Maputo, an unexpected result considering that Maputo receives large quantities of small peanuts from Nampula. However, the long-term model demonstrated that the Maputo market is sensitive to price changes in Nampula. There was also a greater interdependence of the Maxixe markets with the other markets and a moderate interdependence between the Manica / Nampula pair and weak interdependence between the Maputo / Nampula and Maputo / Manica pairs. Regarding the degree of market integration, the xi Analysis of Integration of Small Peanut Markets between Markets in Maputo, Maxixe, Manica and Nampula study found that Maxixe is more integrated with the remaining markets and Nampula despite being a producer market and main supplier of small peanuts to the markets of Maxixe and Maputo, revealed a low degree of integration with Maputo, with the existence of transaction costs and the differentiation of these costs in the various analyzed markets the probable cause of the weak integration of the studied markets. The weak integration of the small peanut markets in Mozambique suggests that the small peanut markets do not work efficiently, so there is a need to design policies that aim to increase their integration and consequently their efficiency. These policies can be accompanied by strategies and actions aimed at reducing transaction costs such as investment in road (roads, and bridges), rail and even maritime infrastructures, technology, research, transport and communications.(TRADUÇÃO NOSSA)