Impacto do planeamento na mobilidade urbana para o desenvolvimento socioeconómico região metropolitana de Maputo

Abstract

Urban mobility depends essentially on the planning model adopted for the territory, and on how the practices resulting from that planning approach and integrate the modes and forms of transport in the cities and their surroundings. Therefore, it constitutes a fundamental issue when discussing urban development and quality of life of the population, this theme requires a global, integrated and systemic reflection between mobility, territory planning and urban design. The problem raised in this research is that the Metropolitan Area of Maputo, observes and promotes the increase of displacements both in number and distance, due to the lack of technical capacity of the authorities to proactively monitor the urban expansion, the development planning of peripheral areas did not receive investment for the expansion and improvement of the already deficient road network, in order to create alternative routes that facilitate and make mobility more flexible. The failure to observe these aspects made the coverage of the public transport network inefficient and ineffective. The main objective of this research is to analyse the impact of planning and urban mobility on development: the case of the Maputo Metropolitan Area. To achieve this objective, a mixed research method (qualitative and quantitative) was used, based on an application survey and the use of questionnaires and bibliographic contents. These results indicate that traffic capacity of arterial roads in urban areas has been saturated during peak hours especially between Maputo and Matola and north of Maputo City Centre, there are insufficient number of arterial roads complementary to national roads or other existing arterial roads. With this, this research finds that there is an urgent and significant need to increase traffic capacity to meet the growing demand for travel between Maputo City Center and the suburbs, the adoption by the Ministry of Education and Human Development of a policy requiring students in public secondary and technical vocational schools to enroll closer to home may also reduce demand at bus stops.