Governança de água e saneamento em Moçambique: o caso da região Metropolitana de Maputo

Abstract

Water supply and sanitation has been enshrined by the United Nations as a fundamental right for human development, the provision of these services is generally the responsibility of the Government, due to their nature and implications on survival and the quality of human life. The rapid population growth in peri-urban areas and rural settlements has highlighted the Government's immediate inability to extend water supply and sanitation services to these areas, where national entrepreneurs (FPA's) have invested in simple water distribution systems and have been satisfying this demand, however, they are finding it difficult to coexist with the public sector, with clear disputes of performance spaces as well as consumers. Despite these signs, water policy recommends the promotion and involvement of the private sector in the provision of these services. This dissertation aims to understand the governance model of water and sanitation in Mozambique, particularly in the Metropolitan Region of Maputo, where there is a concentration of various actors with the legal mandate to provide these services. Based on the literature review, visits to institutions and structured interviews with providers, regulators, legislators and consumers, the mapping of the main actors and the comparative analysis of the results, it was possible to realize that there is a potential model of governance of water and sanitation, which can evolve into a good practice, however there is a need to improve the profile of FPA's and private providers, to a level that transmits greater confidence in the services provided